Statistics Canada has released the results of their Survey on Research Activities and Commercialization of Intellectual Property in Higher Education. The data revealed that R&D contracts, which tend to be client-funded and may grant the client exclusive intellectual property (IP) rights, were found in 86.5% of postsecondary institutions; R&D partnerships, which tend to involve shared funding and joint IP rights, were found in 53.5% of institutions by comparison. Over half of contracts and partnerships were held by universities, with 10% held by colleges and cégeps. Colleges and cégeps were, more likely to support small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) than their university counterparts, offering the SMEs support such as networking opportunities, business coaching, or prototype development. Institutions cited lack of funding and expertise as key challenges to commercializing their IP.